Issue
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering,
Vol.12, No.2, 244-250, 1995
EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES AND DISCRETE THERMODYNAMIC MODELING ON SUPERCRITICAL CO2 EXTRACTIONS OF A HEXANDECANE AND CRUDE OIL
Continuous multiple-contact experiments using a supercritical CO2 were performed to study the phase equilibrium behavior of the dynamic extractions of a hexadecane and crude oil. The extraction yields increased as CO2 density increased with a pressure rise at constant temperature. The rates of extractions were also greater at higher pressure. The simulated distillation analysis of extracted crude oil samples represented that the earlier extracts contained lighter compounds and the latter extracts contained progressively heavier compounds. These compositional changes occurring during a dynamic extraction were also ascertained by phase-equilibrium flash calculations using the equations of state and a pseudo-component lumping method. Two different equations of state, Soave-Redlich-Kwong and Peng-Robinson, were used to predict the equilibrium compositions of the extract phase that is a supercritical carbonic phase. The results of phase behavior calculations established the nature of the extraction and partitioning process as a function of time. These results also provided reasonable agreement between the experimental data and the calculated values.
[References]
  1. Brennecke JF, Eckert CA, AIChE J., 35(9), 1409, 1989
  2. Ely JF, Baker JK, "A Review of Supercritical Fluid Extraction," NBS Technical Note 1070, U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Bereau of Standards, 1983
  3. Firoozabadi A, Nutakki R, Wong TW, Aziz K, Soc. Pet. Eng. J., 3, 673, 1988
  4. Holm LW, Josendal VA, Soc. Pet. Eng. J., 22, 187, 1982
  5. Katz DL, Firoozabadi A, J. Pet. Tech., 30, 1649, 1978
  6. Kehlen H, Ratzsch MT, Bergmann J, AIChE J., 31(7), 1136, 1985
  7. Kesler MG, Lee BI, Hydrocarb. Process., 55, 153, 1976
  8. Mulliken CA, Sandler SI, Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev., 19, 709, 1980
  9. Mungan N, J. Can. Pet. Technol., 20, 87, 1981
  10. Ngheim LX, Aziz K, Li YK, Soc. Pet. Eng. J., 23, 521, 1983
  11. Nutakki R, "Phase Behavior Calculations for Systems with Hydrocarbons, Water, and CO2," Ph.D. Dissertation, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 1989
  12. Orr FM, Silva MK, Lien C, Soc. Pet. Eng. J., 23, 281, 1983
  13. Peng DY, Robinson DB, Ind. Eng. Chem. Fundam., 15, 59, 1976
  14. Ratzsch MT, Kehlen H, Schumann J, Chem. Eng. Commun., 71, 113, 1988
  15. Reid RC, Prausnitz JM, Sherwood TK, "Properties of Liquids and Gases," 3rd ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, 1977
  16. Riazi MR, Daubert TE, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 26, 755, 1987
  17. Shelton JL, Yarborough L, J. Pet. Technol., 16, 1171, 1977
  18. Sheng W, Lu BC, AOSTRA J. Res., 6, 221, 1990
  19. Soave G, Chem. Eng. Sci., 27, 1197, 1972
  20. Turek EA, Metcalfe RS, Yarborough L, Robinson RL, Soc. Pet. Eng. J., 24, 308, 1984
  21. Twu CH, Fluid Phase Equilib., 16, 137, 1984
  22. Whitson CH, Soc. Pet. Eng. J., 23, 683, 1983