Issue
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering,
Vol.18, No.6, 824-830, 2001
Development of Counter-Current Flow Limitation Model Applicable to a Sharp-Edged Liquid Entrance
There are many industrial machines that function by operation of multi-phase fluids. Some of them take advantage of the characteristics of counter-current two-phase flow. The maximum flow rates of gas and liquid phases which flow in opposite-directions (counter-current flow) are limited by a phenomenon known as a Counter-Current Flow Limitation (CCFL or flooding). The mass and momentum conservation equations for two phases were established to build a system of first-order partial derivative equations (PDE). A new CCFL model was developed based on the characteristic equation of the first-order PDE system. The present model applies to the case in which a non-uniform flow is developed around a square or sharp-edged entrance of liquid phase. The model can be used to predict the operating-limit of components in which mass and heat transfer are taking place between liquid and gas phases.
[References]
  1. Ames WF, "Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations," Academic Press, 1997
  2. Bharathan D, Wallis GB, Richter HJ, "Air-Water Countercurrent Annular Flow," EPRI Report, NP-1165, 1979
  3. Cetinbudaklar AG, Jameson GJ, "The Mechanism of Flooding in Vertical Countercurrent Two-Phase Flow, Chemical Engineering Science 24," 1669, 1969
  4. Cho SY, Lee YY, Kim SJ, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 12(3), 313, 1995
  5. Drazin PG, "Solitions, Lecture Note Series 85," London Mathematical Society, 1983
  6. Han DH, Hong WH, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 15(3), 324, 1998
  7. Iyer K, Theofanous TG, Nucl. Sci. Eng., 108, 198, 1991
  8. Jeong JH, No HC, Nucl. Eng. Des., 148, 109, 1994
  9. Jeong JH, No HC, Int. J. Multiph. Flow, 22(3), 499, 1996
  10. Kaminaga F, Okamoto Y, Shibata Y, "Evaluation of Entrance Geometry Effect on Flooding," Proc. 1st JSME/ASME Joint Int. Conference on Nucl. Eng., Tokyo, 95, 1991
  11. Lacy CE, Dukler AE, Int. J. Multiph. Flow, 20(2), 235, 1994
  12. Lax PD, "Differential Equations, Difference Equations and Matrix Theory," Comm. Pure Appl. Math. XI, 174, 1958
  13. Lee HM, MaCarthy GE, Tien CL, "Liquid Carry-over and Entrainment in Air-Water Countercurrent Flooding," EPRI Report, NP-2344, 1982
  14. MaCarthy GE, Lee HM, "Review of Entrainment Phenomena and Application to Vertical Two-Phase Countercurrent Flooding," EPRI Report, NP-1284, 1979
  15. Moalem MD, Dukler AE, Int. J. Multiph. Flow, 10, 599, 1984
  16. Peng CA, Jurman LA, McCready MJ, Int. J. Multiph. Flow, 17, 767, 1991
  17. Richter HJ, Int. J. Multiph. Flow, 7, 647, 1981
  18. Shearer CJ, Davidson JF, J. Fluid Mech., 22, 321, 1965
  19. Taitel Y, Barnea D, Dukler AE, Int. J. Multiph. Flow, 8, 1, 1982
  20. Turner JS, "Buoyancy Effects in Fluids," Cambridge University Press, 1979
  21. Wallis GB, "One Dimensional Two-Phase Flow," McGraw-Hill, 1969
  22. Wallis GB, Kuo JT, Int. J. Multiph. Flow, 2, 521, 1976