Issue
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering,
Vol.39, No.5, 1333-1338, 2022
Electrode modifier performance of TiO2 incorporated carbon quantum dots nanocomposites on Fe(CN)6 3-/Fe(CN)6 4- electrochemical system
TiO2 incorporated carbon quantum dot nanocomposite, (CQDs@TiO2) was synthesized and applied as a new modifier for carbon paste electrode (CPE). The synthesis process consisted of two steps: the synthesis of a carbon quantum dot (CQDs) solution electrochemically and the synthesis of CQDs@TiO2 by impregnation. The characterization results show that the morphology of CQDs@TiO2 is composed of small particles with different particle sizes which causes the nanocomposite surface to be non-uniform. The impregnation process causes a change in the average particle size of TiO2 from 29.32 to 33.23 nm. This process also produces new diffractograms at positions 2Θ=53.75° and 54.95° . In addition, its process changes the specific wave number absorption (1/λ) TiO2 for -OH stretching (3,300 cm-1 to 3,369 cm-1) and -OH bending (1,631 cm-1 to 1,660 cm-1). This shift in wavenumber was followed by the presence of new absorption at wavenumbers of 2,162 cm-1 and 1,371 cm-1. Based on the performance test of CQDs@TiO2 as a CPE modifier, it shows that CQDs@TiO2 improves CPE performance in the Fe(CN)6 3-/Fe(CN)6 4- solution system. It is characterized by an increase in both oxide and reducing currents and a narrowing of the voltammogram peaks. The optimum mass of CQDs@TiO2 as a CPE modifier is 0.01 g with an electroactive surface area of 0.27 cm2. The overall results of this work indicate that the CQDs@TiO2 nanocomposite can be applied as an electrode modifier for electrochemical sensor applications in the future.
[References]
  1. Nurdin M, Agusu L, Putra AAM, Maulidiyah M, Arham Z, Wibowo D, Muzakkar MZ, Umar AA, J. Phys. Chem. Solids, 131, 104, 2019
  2. Nurdin M, Prabowo OA, Arham Z, Wibowo D, Maulidiyah M, Saad SKM, Umar AA, Surf. Interfaces, 16, 108, 2019
  3. Nurdin M, Arham Z, Rahayu S, Maulidiyah M, J. Rekayasa Kim. Lingkung, 15, 71, 2020
  4. Danyıldız Z, Uzun D, Calam TT, Hasdemir E, J. Electroanal. Chem., 805, 177, 2017
  5. Yuan-Yuan LU, Meng-Ni C, Yi-Li GAO, Jian-Mao Y, Xiao-Yu MA, Jian-Yun LIU, Chin. J. Anal. Chem., 43, 1395, 2015
  6. Nurdin M, Dali N, Irwan I, Maulidiyah M, Arham Z, Ruslan R, Hamzah B, Sarjuna S, Wibowo D, Anal. Bioanal. Electrochem., 10, 1538, 2018
  7. Nurdin M, Arham Z, Rasyid J, Maulidiyah M, Mustapa F, Sosidi H, Ruslan R, Salim LOA, Electrochemical performance of carbon paste electrode modified TiO2/Ag-Li (CPE-TiO2/Ag-Li) in determining fipronil compound, in: J. Phys. Conf. Ser., IOP Publishing, 12067 (2021).
  8. Nabil AA, Emran K, Alanazi H, Turkish J. Chem., 44, 1122, 2020
  9. Fadillah G, Triana S, Chasanah U, Saleh TA, Sens. Bio-Sensing Res., 30, 100391, 2020
  10. Manasa G, Raj C, Satpati AK, Mascarenhas RJ, Electroanalysis, 32, 2431, 2020
  11. de Brito AR, dos Santos Reis N, Oliveira PC, Rezende DVB, Monteiro GP, Soares GA, de Jesus RS, Santos AS, J. Food Sci. Technol., 57, 1342, 2020
  12. Wong A, Santos AM, Fatibello‐Filho O, Sotomayor MDPT, Electroanalysis, 33, 431, 2021
  13. Nontawong N, Amatatongchai M, Jarujamrus P, Nacapricha D, Lieberzeit PA, Sens. Actuators B-Chem., 334, 129636, 2021
  14. Tcheumi HL, Wendji APK, Tonle IK, Ngameni E, J. Anal. Methods Chem., 2020, 2020
  15. Zayed MA, Mahmoud WH, Abbas AA, Ali AE, Mohamed GG, RSC Adv., 10, 17552, 2020
  16. Radić J, Buljac M, Genorio B, Gričar E, Kolar M, Sensors, 21, 2955, 2021
  17. Zayed MA, Abbas AA, Mahmoud WH, Ali AE, Mohamed GG, Microchem J., 159, 105478, 2020
  18. Rajabi N, Masrournia M, Abedi M, Chem. Methodol., 4, 660, 2020
  19. Abdel-Raoof AM, Elsonbaty A, Abdulwahab S, Hassan WS, Eissa MS, Microchem J., 165, 106185, 2021
  20. Uddin MT, Alam MM, Asiri AM, Rahman MM, Toupance T, Islam MA, RSC Adv., 10, 122, 2020
  21. Alam MM, Asiri AM, Rahman MM, Islam MA, Surf. Interfaces, 19, 100540, 2020
  22. Alam MM, Rahman MM, Asiri AM, Fazal MA, J. Mater. Sci. -Mater. Electron., 32, 5259, 2021
  23. Nurdin M, Maulidiyah M, Muzakkar MZ, Umar AA, Microchem J., 145, 756, 2019
  24. Afkhami A, Ghaedi H, Madrakian T, Rezaeivala M, Electrochim. Acta, 89, 377, 2013
  25. Khasanah M, Widati AA, Handajani US, Shofiyyah MR, Rakhma SA, Predianto H, Imprinted zeolite modified carbon paste electrode as a selective potentiometric sensor for blood glucose, in: AIP Conf. Proc., AIP Publishing LLC, 20011 (2020).
  26. Atacan K, Özacar M, Mater. Chem. Phys., 266, 124527, 2021
  27. Belkhamsa N, Ouattara L, Ksibi M, J. Electrochem. Soc., 162, B212, 2015
  28. Mashhadizadeh MH, Afshar E, Electrochim. Acta, 87, 816, 2013
  29. Tashkhourian J, Ana SFN, Hashemnia S, Hormozi-Nezhad MR, J. Solid State Electrochem., 17, 157, 2013
  30. Ensafi AA, Bahrami H, Rezaei B, Karimi-Maleh H, Mater. Sci. Eng. C-Biomimetic Supramol. Syst., 33, 831, 2013
  31. Hassaninejad-Darzi SK, Shajie F, J. Braz. Chem. Soc., 28, 529, 2017
  32. Hu Q, Gong X, Liu L, Choi MMF, J. Nanomater., 2017, 2017
  33. Pal A, Sk MP, Chattopadhyay A, Mater. Adv., 1, 525, 2020
  34. Mondal TK, Gupta A, Shaw BK, Mondal S, Ghorai UK, Saha SK, RSC Adv., 6, 59927, 2016
  35. Atacan K, J. Alloy. Compd., 791, 391, 2019
  36. Bas SZ, Yuncu N, Atacan K, Ozmen M, Electrochim. Acta, 386, 138519, 2021
  37. Sang L, Lin J, Zhao Y, Int. J. Hydrog. Energy, 42, 12122, 2017
  38. Wu CI, Huang JW, Wen YL, Wen SB, Shen YH, Yeh MY, Mater. Lett., 62, 1923, 2008
  39. Siddique AB, Pramanick AK, Chatterjee S, Ray M, Sci. Rep., 8, 1, 2018
  40. Suwarnkar MB, Dhabbe RS, Kadam AN, Garadkar KM, Ceram. Int., 40, 5489, 2014
  41. Stuart BH, Infrared spectroscopy: Fundamentals and applications, John Wiley & Sons (2004).
  42. Ramezani S, Ghobadi M, Bideh BN, Sens. Actuators B-Chem., 192, 648, 2014
  43. Shetti NP, Nayak DS, Malode SJ, Kulkarni RM, J. Electrochem. Soc., 164, B3036, 2016
  44. Demir N, Atacan K, Ozmen M, Bas SZ, New J. Chem., 44, 11759, 2020
  45. Dhulkefl AJ, Atacan K, Bas SZ, Ozmen M, Anal. Methods, 12, 499, 2020
  46. Deng P, Xu Z, Li J, Microchim. Acta., 181, 1077, 2014