Issue
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering,
Vol.36, No.4, 635-641, 2019
Bath sonication for the scalable separation of semiconducting single walled carbon nanotubes
Commercially available single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) consist of a mixture of metallic (m- SWNTs) and semiconducting SWNTs (sc-SWNTs), and therefore cannot be used as they are for applications where pure semiconductors or metallic materials are needed. Hence, the separation of sc-SWNTs from pristine SWNT mixtures is an essential process that precedes the evaluation of SWNTs. The polymer wrapping method, which is one of the well-known methods for separating sc-SWNTs, can separate sc-SWNTs by forming a sc-SWNT/polymer complex in which sc-SWNTs are selectively wrapped with a conductive polymer over metallic SWNTs. This process is generally realized using a tip sonicator, which enables the polymer wrapping and dispersion for SWNTs. However, this conventional tip sonication has several drawbacks, such as difficulties with respect to mass production, contamination, and high cost of equipment. In this work, the selective dispersion and separation of sc-SWNTs were achieved using bath sonication, which can overcome the drawbacks related to conventional tip sonication process. It was confirmed that bath sonication can achieve a similar level of sc-SWNT dispersion efficiency to that of tip sonication. The variation in the dispersion efficiencies with respect to the dispersion time, SWNT concentration, SWNT types, polymer concentration, and solvent types and concentrations was investigated. Furthermore, the dispersion stability was compared by measuring the particle sizes of the sc-SWNT/conductive polymer composites obtained using the bath sonication and tip sonication methods via electrophoretic light scattering as a function of time.
[References]
  1. Valentino O, Sarno M, Rainone NG, Nobile MR, Ciambelli P, Neitzert HC, Simon GP, Phys. E, 40, 2440, 2008
  2. Sandler J, Shaffer MSP, Prasse T, Bauhofer W, Schulte K, Windle AH, Polymer, 40(21), 5967, 1999
  3. Biercuk M, Llaguno MC, Radosavljevic M, Hyun J, Johnson AT, Fischer JE, Appl. Phys. Lett., 80, 2767, 2002
  4. Geng HZ, Rosen R, Zheng B, Shimoda H, Fleming L, Liu J, Zhou O, Adv. Mater., 14(19), 1387, 2002
  5. Belin T, Epron F, Mater. Sci. Eng. B-Solid State Mater. Adv. Technol., 119, 105, 2005
  6. Ouyang M, Huang JL, Cheung CL, Lieber CM, Science, 292, 702, 2001
  7. Lauret JS, Voisin C, Cassabois G, Roussignol P, Delalande C, Filoramo A, Capes L, Valentin E, Jost O, Phys. E, 21, 1057, 2004
  8. Kim WJ, Nair N, Lee CY, Strano MS, J. Phys. Chem. C, 112, 7326, 2008
  9. Um JE, Song SG, Yoo PJ, Song C, Kim WJ, Appl. Surf. Sci., 429, 278, 2018
  10. Arnold MS, Stupp SI, Hersam MC, Nano Lett., 5, 713, 2005
  11. Arnold MS, Green AA, Hulvat JF, Stupp SI, Hersam MC, Nat. Nanotechnol., 1(1), 60, 2006
  12. Ghosh S, Bachilo SM, Weisman RB, Nat. Nanotechnol., 5(6), 443, 2010
  13. Liu H, Nishide D, Tanaka T, Kataura H, Nat. Commun., 2, 309, 2011
  14. Tulevski GS, Franklin AD, Afzali A, ACS Nano, 7, 2971, 2013
  15. Davis VL, Quaranta S, Cavallo C, Latini A, Gaspari F, Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells, 167, 162, 2017
  16. Yamamoto K, Akita S, Nakayama Y, J. Phys. D-Appl. Phys., 31, L34, 1998
  17. Krupke R, Hennrich F, Lohneysen HV, Kappes MM, Science, 301, 344, 2003
  18. Li J, Zhang Q, Peng N, Zhu Q, Appl. Phys. Lett., 86, 153116, 2005
  19. Zheng M, Jagota A, Semke ED, Diner BA, Mclean RS, Lustig SR, Richardson RE, Tassi NG, Nat. Mater., 2(5), 338, 2003
  20. Tu X, Zheng M, Nano Res., 1, 185, 2008
  21. Tu X, Manohar S, Jagota A, Zheng M, Nature, 460, 250, 2009
  22. Lee DT, Chung JW, Park G, Kim YT, Lee CY, Cho Y, Yoo PJ, Han JH, Shin HJ, Kim WJ, Appl. Surf. Sci., 429, 264, 2018
  23. Wang H, Koleilat GI, Liu P, Jimenez-Oses G, Lai YC, Vosgueritchian M, Fang Y, Park S, Houk KN, Bao Z, ACS Nano, 8, 2609, 2014
  24. Yang Y, Ding L, Han J, Zhang Z, Peng LM, ACS Nano, 11, 4124, 2017
  25. Wang HL, Bao ZN, Nano Today, 10(6), 737, 2015
  26. Lee HW, Yoon Y, Park S, Oh JH, Hong S, Liyanage LS, Wang H, Morishita S, Patil N, Park YJ, Nat. Commun., 2, 541, 2011
  27. Caddeo C, Melis C, Colombo L, Mattoni A, J. Phys. Chem. C, 114, 21109, 2010
  28. Wang H, Hsieh B, Oses GJ, Liu P, Tassone CJ, Diao Y, Lei T, Houk KN, Bao Z, Small, 11, 126, 2015
  29. Tabakman SM, Welsher K, Hong G, Dai H, J. Phys. Chem. C, 114, 19569, 2010
  30. Bahr JL, Mickelson ET, Bronikowski MJ, Smalley RE, Tour JM, Chem. Commun., 193 (2001).