We used sodium chlorite followed by sodium hydroxide as a two-stage pretreatment of cassava stem for removal of lignin and hemicellulose to obtain a substrate with high cellulose content prior to hydrolysis. Response surface methodology was applied to determine the optimum hydrolysis conditions of two-stage pretreated cassava stem. After pretreatment, the cellulose content of cassava stem increased from 42.10% to 86.45%, concomitant with decreases in lignin (87.59%) and hemicellulose (78.18%) content. Acid hydrolysis of two-stage pretreated cassava stem under
optimum conditions allowed obtaining a hydrolyzate rich in reducing sugar, with a yields up to 67.37%. Conversely, inhibitors were detected at very low concentrations. The fermentation of the hydrolyzate resulted in an ethanol yield of 22.58 g/100 g substrate corresponding to a theoretical ethanol yield of 84.41%. The results demonstrate that two-stage pretreatment is effective for improving cellulose hydrolyzability, resulting in high fermentable sugar and low fermentation
inhibitor concentrations.
Georing HK, Van Soest PJ, Forage fiber analyses (apparatus, reagent, procedures, and some applications), Agriculture Handbook No. 379, Agriculture Research Service-United States Department of Agricultural, USDA, Washington, DC, USA, 1970
Sluiter A, Hames B, Ruiz R, Scarlata C, Sluiter J, National Renewable Energy Laboratory Technical Report NREL/TP-510-42622, 2008