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Issue
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering,
Vol.31, No.8, 1377-1383, 2014
Tetrabutylphosphonium amino acid ionic liquids as efficient catalysts for solvent-free Knoevenagel condensation reactions
Ouyang F, Zhou Y, Li ZM, Hu N, Tao DJ
Five tetrabutylphosphonium amino acid ionic liquids ([P4444][AA]) were prepared, characterized, and used as catalysts for solvent-free Knoevenagel condensation reactions. The tetrabutylphosphonium prolinate ([P4444][Pro]) showed excellent catalytic activity and selectivity in Knoevenagel condensation reactions of active methylene compounds with various aromatic aldehydes, and all the yields of corresponding products were more than 85% under mild conditions. Furthermore, a plausible reaction mechanism for the excellent performance of [P4444][Pro] has been proposed, and [P4444][Pro] could be used repetitively at least six times without obvious decrease in activity and quantity.
Keywords: Ionic Liquid; Knoevenagel Condensation; Aromatic Aldehydes; Active Methylene Compounds; Amino Acid
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