As the use of nanomaterials in industrial and commercial applications is growing, official reports concerning possible environmental and health effects of nanoparticles are also steadily increasing. Many toxicological studies on the adverse effects of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have used living organisms, which is a time consuming process. Therefore, we propose an alternative method to assess the in-vivo and in-vitro cytotoxicity of nanomaterials, involving a fast and simple screening procedure for vesicle rupture or fusion by the attack of AgNPs. With the assumption that particle interaction between AgNPs and vesicles is induced by electrostatic repulsion or attraction of surface charge, three vesicles with different charges (positive, neutral, and negative) were prepared and they were dispersed with AgNPs in different pH (3, 7, and 10) solutions to control the surface charge of AgNPs. Based on the results of vesicle rupture analyzed by SPR and TEM, screening of cell rupture through vesicles by AgNPs’ attack is determined to be most suitable at pH 7.