|
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol.34, No.3, 681-691, 2017
Two-stage cracking catalyst of amorphous silica-alumina on Y zeolite for enhanced product selectivity and suppressed coking
A novel bilayer catalyst composed of amorphous silica-alumina (ASA) layer coated on Y zeolite layer is proposed as a fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) catalyst to cause two-stage reactions of pre-cracking and deep-cracking. The bilayer catalyst (Y/ASA) is compared with the usual mixed one (ASA+Y), in catalytic cracking of a feed composed of 1,3,5-triisopropylbenzene and naphthalene. The two catalyst representations were prepared by applying layers of Y zeolite and ASA or both on inert monolith supports. Catalytic cracking experiments were carried out at 300, 350 and 400 oC. Compared to Y+ASA, Y/ASA yielded about 33% and 46% more benzene and toluene, respectively, and 18% less coke in the catalytic cracking at 350 °C. The coke of Y/ASA was less refractory than that of Y+ASA as burnt at lower temperatures, while emitting less carbon monoxide in regeneration. Y/ASA configuration shows promising features as FCC catalysts for increased bottoms cracking and suppressed coking.
[References]
- Sadeghbeigi R, Fluid catalytic cracking handbook: An expert guide to the practical operation, design, and optimization of FCC units, Elsevier (2012).
- Cheng WC, Habib ET, Rajagopalan K, Roberie TG, Wormsbecher RF, Ziebarth MS, Fluid catalytic cracking, Handbook of Heterogeneous Catalysis (2008).
- Li ZK, Wang G, Liu YD, Gao JS, Xu CM, Liang YM, Wang XQ, Fuel Process. Technol., 115, 1, 2013
- Wang G, Li ZK, Liu YD, Gao JS, Xu CM, Lan XY, Ning GQ, Liang YM, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 51(5), 2247, 2012
- Jimenez-Garcia G, de Lasa H, Quintana-Solorzano R, Maya-Yescas R, Fuel, 110, 89, 2013
- O’Connor P, Yanik S, Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal., 100, 323, 1996
- Ino T, Alkhattaf S, Appl. Catal. A: Gen., 142(1), 5, 1996
- Chen WZ, Han DM, Sun XH, Li CY, Fuel, 106, 498, 2013
- Leydier F, Chizallet C, Chaumonnot A, Digne M, Soyer E, Quoineaud AA, Costa D, Raybaud P, J. Catal., 284(2), 215, 2011
- Shimada I, Takizawa K, Fukunaga H, Takahashi N, Takatsuka T, Fuel, 161, 207, 2015
- Lee KH, Ha BH, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 15(5), 533, 1998
- Wang B, Han CY, Zhang Q, Li CY, Yang CH, Shan HH, Energy Fuels, 29(9), 5701, 2015
- Hosseinpour N, Mortazavi Y, Bazyari A, Khodadadi AA, Fuel Process. Technol., 90(2), 171, 2009
- Jia L, Sun X, Ye X, Zou C, Gu H, Huang Y, Niu G, Zhao D, Microporous Mesoporous Mater., 176, 16, 2013
- Liu X, Yang T, Bai P, Han L, Microporous Mesoporous Mater., 181, 116, 2013
- Aghakhani MS, Khodadadi AA, Najafi S, Mortazavi Y, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 20(5), 3037, 2014
- Psarras AC, Iliopouiou EF, Nalbandian L, Lappas AA, Pouwels C, Catal. Today, 127(1-4), 44, 2007
- Bazyari A, Khodadadi AA, Hosseinpour N, Mortazavi Y, Fuel Process. Technol., 90(10), 1226, 2009
- Tonetto G, Atias J, de Lasa H, Appl. Catal. A: Gen., 270(1-2), 9, 2004
- Al-Khattaf S, Atias JA, Jarosch K, de Lasa H, Chem. Eng. Sci., 57(22-23), 4909, 2002
- Al-Khattaf S, Odedairo T, Balasamy RJ, Can. J. Chem. Eng., 91(4), 607, 2013
- Falco M, Morgado E, Amadeo N, Sedran U, Appl. Catal. A: Gen., 315, 29, 2006
- Mahgoub KA, Al-Khattaf S, Energy Fuels, 19(2), 329, 2005
- Pujro R, Falco M, Sedran U, Energy Fuels, 29(3), 1543, 2015
- Chen GM, Zhang XW, Mi ZT, J. Fuel. Chem. Technol., 35, 211, 2007
- Andreu P, Catal. Lett., 22, 135, 1993
- Beers AEW, Nijhuis TA, Aalders N, Kapteijn F, Moulijn JA, Appl. Catal. A: Gen., 243(2), 237, 2003
- Zamaro JM, Ulla MA, Miro EE, Chem. Eng. J., 106(1), 25, 2005
- Beers A, Nijhuis T, Kapteijn F, Moulijn J, Microporous Mesoporous Mater., 48, 279, 2001
- Sohn JR, DeCanio SJ, Fritz PO, Lunsford JH, J. Phys. Chem., 90, 4847, 1986
- Katada N, Kageyama Y, Niwa M, J. Phys. Chem. B, 104(31), 7561, 2000
- Costa AF, Cerqueira HS, Sousa-Aguiar EF, Ludvig MM, Performance of FCC catalysts prepared with sub-micron Y zeolite, in: M. C. E. van Steen, L. H. Callanan (Eds.) Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis, Elsevier, 2296 (2004).
- Sombatchaisak S, Praserthdam P, Chaisuk C, Panpranot J, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 43(15), 4066, 2004
- Kerssens MM, Sprung C, Whiting GT, Weckhuysen BM, Microporous Mesoporous Mater., 189, 136, 2014
- Al-Khattaf S, de Lasa H, Appl. Catal. A: Gen., 226(1-2), 139, 2002
- Frunz L, Prins R, Pirngruber GD, Microporous Mesoporous Mater., 88, 152, 2006
- Tsai TC, Liu SB, Wang IK, Appl. Catal. A: Gen., 181(2), 355, 1999
- Al-Khattaf S, Energy Fuels, 22(6), 3612, 2008
- O'Connor P, Verlaan JPJ, Yanik SJ, Catal. Today, 43(3-4), 305, 1998
- Wang BD, Manos G, Chem. Eng. J., 142(2), 217, 2008
|