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- In relation to this article, we declare that there is no conflict of interest.
- Publication history
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Received January 3, 2026
Revised February 5, 2026
Accepted February 19, 2026
Available online June 26, 2026
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This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync/3.0) which permits
unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Latest issues
Evaluation of Cementitious Wasteform for Stabilization/Solidification of 14C-Bearing SrCO3 Waste
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-026-00685-4
Abstract
In this study, cementitious wasteforms were fabricated to stabilize and solidify dispersible ¹⁴C-bearing SrCO3. Ordinary
Portland cement was blended with SrCO3 at contents of 20–60 wt% and cured for 7 and 28 days under sealed and open
curing conditions. Mechanical integrity was evaluated by uniaxial compressive strength, while phase evolution and microstructural
development were characterized depending on the SrCO3 loading. Chemical durability was assessed by the
ANSI/ANS-16.1 standard method, with carbon and strontium releases quantified. The compressive strength results showed
that sealed curing which maintained continuous cement hydration with homogeneous water retention in the wasteform
led to 14–40% higher compressive strength than open curing after 28 days. The microstructural, crystallographic, and
thermal analyses revealed that the decrease in compressive strength as waste loading increase was related to the evolution
of phases and changes in microstructural void structure. It was confirmed that SrCO3 acts as a chemically inert filler
and it is physically embedded within the hydrated C-S-H matrix. Leaching tests showed that Sr leaching was effectively
suppressed, whereas carbon leaching appeared higher due to the mobility of carbonate species in alkaline cementitious
systems. Based on the Sr and carbon measurements, upper and lower bounds for 14C leaching are proposed to provide a
conservative framework for the safety assessment of 14C-bearing cementitious wasteforms.

