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In relation to this article, we declare that there is no conflict of interest.
Publication history
Received July 6, 2025
Revised February 26, 2026
Accepted April 7, 2026
Available online September 25, 2026
articles This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Constant flow oxygen generation with manganese oxide supported on spherical activated carbon using hydrogen peroxide decomposition

Department of Chemistry, Pusan National University 1Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology 2NF Co., Ltd
jshong@krict.re.ke; jksuh@krict.re.ke
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, September 2026, 43(11), 2899-2909(11)
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-026-00724-0

Abstract

In situations where oxygen is scarce or absent, such as during prolonged diving or high-altitude mountaineering, or in 

cases where breathing becomes impossible due to toxic substances like in fires or chemical, biological, or radiological 

incidents, a device that supplies a specific amount of oxygen is necessary for survival. A Manganese Oxide/Spherical

Activated Carbon (Mn-SPAC) catalyst was produced for the purpose of creating a steady oxygen supply. This was 

achieved through the carbonization and activation of manganese-exchanged resin under nitrogen and steam conditions. 

The characteristics of Mn-SPAC were analyzed using pore characteristics analysis, XRD, FE-SEM, and XPS, focusing 

on the amount of added manganese and carbonization time. To optimize conditions for generating a consistent amount 

of oxygen, the synthesized catalyst was reacted with 30% hydrogen peroxide, and the amount of oxygen produced was 

measured. In the optimized reaction setup, a consistent oxygen release was monitored for a duration of 20 min during 

the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. Comparative XPS studies conducted pre- and post-reaction demonstrated the 

oxidation state of manganese following the process. These observations indicate that the newly developed catalyst is best 

suited for one-time use scenarios.

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