Overall
- Language
- English
- Conflict of Interest
- In relation to this article, we declare that there is no conflict of interest.
- Publication history
-
Received February 6, 2026
Revised April 27, 2026
Accepted May 25, 2026
Available online June 25, 2026
-
This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync/3.0) which permits
unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Most Cited
Materials and Microstructure in Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells: Linking Performance and Durability
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-026-00740-0
Abstract
Solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) represent a transformative technology for the efficient production of green hydrogen
and syngas from water and carbon dioxide, leveraging high operating temperatures to enhance reaction kinetics and
thermodynamic efficiency. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the critical correlations between material
properties, electrode microstructure, and overall SOEC performance. We delve into the impact of triple-phase boundary
density, electronic/ionic conductivity, and surface chemistry on cell efficiency and current densities. Furthermore, the paper
highlights significant performance improvements achieved over time, including higher current densities, reduced operating
temperatures, and enhanced long-term durability, alongside major breakthroughs such as industrial-scale demonstrations,
high-pressure operation, direct CO2 electrolysis, and the development of reversible solid oxide cells. Understanding these
advancements and the underlying material science challenges is crucial for accelerating the commercialization of SOEC
technology for a sustainable energy future.

