With the increasing demand for effi cient and environmentally friendly energy storage solutions worldwide, traditional 

lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are facing issues such as resource limitations, high costs, and safety. Dual ion batteries (DIBs),

as an emerging battery technology, demonstrate the potential to improve energy density and reduce costs by simultaneously

utilizing multiple cations and anions for energy storage. This article summarizes the basic principles and working 

mechanisms of DIBs. It explores in detail the characteristics of sodium-based, potassium-based, magnesium-based, and 

other types of DIBs. The application of anode, cathode, and electrolyte materials in DIBs was further analyzed, their 

electrochemical performance was evaluated, and optimization strategies were proposed. This article also explores the 

environmental impact and sustainability of DIBs, including the availability of materials, the environmental impact of 

manufacturing processes, and recycling and reuse strategies. Finally, this article looks forward to the future development 

direction and challenges faced by DIBs, emphasizing the importance of technological innovation, policy support, and market

demand for their commercial application. DIBs have signifi cant advantages as a potential alternative to LIBs. However, 

they must overcome challenges such as material stability and manufacturing process complexity to achieve widespread 

application in electric vehicles and grid energy storage fi elds.