Overall
- Language
- English
- Conflict of Interest
- In relation to this article, we declare that there is no conflict of interest.
- Publication history
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Received March 19, 2026
Accepted June 2, 2026
Available online October 25, 2026
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This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync/3.0) which permits
unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Most Cited
Operational Strategies for Syngas Quality Enhancement and HeavyMetal Emission Reduction in Sludge–Waste Co-Gasification
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-026-00766-4
Abstract
This study optimized hydrogen-rich syngas production and examined the concomitant migration of heavy metals (Cu, Pb,
and Zn) during the co-gasification of sewage sludge and simulated waste in a two-stage reactor system. When the secondstage
temperature was increased from 700 °C to 900 °C, the H2 concentration increased significantly from 22.18 mol% to
37.73 mol%. Although higher temperatures improve syngas quality, they increase Zn and Pb emission rates, whereas Cu
remains predominantly in the bottom ash because of its higher boiling point. This study focused on sustainable energy
and environmental technologies by providing a systematic operational framework for waste-to-energy conversion. A twostage
gasification process was employed to co-gasify sewage sludge with the simulated waste. Unlike studies that focused
on the syngas yield, this study integrated the evaluation of syngas quality enhancement with the migration behavior of
heavy metals (Cu, Pb, and Zn). These results provide a strategic operational benchmark for maximizing hydrogen energy
recovery, while simultaneously mitigating environmental risks from trace pollutants, which is critical for sustainable
waste-to-energy frameworks.
