Overall

Conflict of Interest: In relation to this article, we declare that there is no conflict of interest.

Publication history: Received January 9, 2025
Revised March 20, 2025
Accepted April 3, 2025
Available online July 26, 2025

This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Cytotoxic Eff ects of Particulate Matter on Cell Growth and Metabolism of Green Fluorescent Protein-Expressing Escherichia coli

Young Hoon Song Hye Ryoung Heo¹ Ae Sol Lee² Chang Sup Kim^{1 2†} Jeong Hyun Seo^†

School of Chemical Engineering , Yeungnam University ¹Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering , Dongguk University ²Graduate School of Chemical Engineering , Dongguk University

biocskim@dgu.ac.kr, jhseo78@yu.ac.kr

Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, July 2025, 42(9), 000042
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-025-00457-6

Abstract

The toxicity of sulfate (SO 4

−2 ) and ammonium (NH 4

+ ), key components of fi ne dust, on living organisms was investigated

using recombinant green fl uorescent protein (GFP)-expressing Escherichia coli as a bioindicator. The eff ects of individual

and mixed particulate matter (PM) compounds, including CuSO

Keywords

Particulate matter · Sulfate · Ammonium · Optical density · Fluorescence intensity