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- Conflict of Interest
- In relation to this article, we declare that there is no conflict of interest.
- Publication history
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Received June 29, 2024
Revised August 29, 2024
Accepted August 30, 2024
Available online January 1, 1970
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This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync/3.0) which permits
unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Most Cited
Artifi cial Flexible Sensory Electronics Mimicking Human Somatosensory System
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-024-00272-5
Abstract
Recent advancements in human–machine interfaces (HMIs), the Internet of Things (IoT), healthcare, and robotics have driven
the need for technologies facilitating natural and intuitive interactions between users and devices. Central to this development
are bio-inspired sensory electronics that emulate the sophisticated structures and functions of human sensory organs. This
review comprehensively explores the latest advancements in fl exible sensory electronics, which draw inspiration from the
human somatosensory system, specifi cally tactile, auditory, and gustatory organs, to enhance user experiences in various
applications. We discuss the underlying biological sensing mechanisms of each sensory organ and provide an overview of
the materials, structures, and performances of devices that mimic them. For tactile sensors, we introduce fi ngertip-skininspired
interlocked microstructures and mechanoreceptor-inspired multiple transduction modes that enable the detection
and discrimination of static and dynamic tactile stimuli. In the auditory domain, we discuss cochlear-inspired acoustic sensors
with frequency selectivity that allow for advanced sound processing and manipulation. Finally, artifi cial taste sensors
integrated with taste receptor proteins or mimicking structures closely replicate human taste perception. The application of
these human-inspired sensors in user-interactive interfaces, such as haptic-feedback rings for virtual reality, sound-driven
robotics, and robotic taste-sensing systems, demonstrates their potential to revolutionize various fi elds. By understanding and
mimicking biological sensory mechanisms, the development of artifi cial sensory electronics will continue to drive innovation
in fl exible sensory electronics and enhance user experiences through multimodal sensory integration.

