ISSN: 0256-1115 (print version) ISSN: 1975-7220 (electronic version)
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Conflict of Interest
In relation to this article, we declare that there is no conflict of interest.
Publication history
Received June 29, 2024
Revised August 29, 2024
Accepted August 30, 2024
Available online January 1, 1970
articles This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Most Cited

Artifi cial Flexible Sensory Electronics Mimicking Human Somatosensory System

School of Energy and Chemical Engineering , Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST)
hyunhko@unist.ac.kr
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, July 2025, 42(9), 1977-1991(15)
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-024-00272-5

Abstract

Recent advancements in human–machine interfaces (HMIs), the Internet of Things (IoT), healthcare, and robotics have driven

the need for technologies facilitating natural and intuitive interactions between users and devices. Central to this development

are bio-inspired sensory electronics that emulate the sophisticated structures and functions of human sensory organs. This

review comprehensively explores the latest advancements in fl exible sensory electronics, which draw inspiration from the

human somatosensory system, specifi cally tactile, auditory, and gustatory organs, to enhance user experiences in various

applications. We discuss the underlying biological sensing mechanisms of each sensory organ and provide an overview of

the materials, structures, and performances of devices that mimic them. For tactile sensors, we introduce fi ngertip-skininspired

interlocked microstructures and mechanoreceptor-inspired multiple transduction modes that enable the detection

and discrimination of static and dynamic tactile stimuli. In the auditory domain, we discuss cochlear-inspired acoustic sensors

with frequency selectivity that allow for advanced sound processing and manipulation. Finally, artifi cial taste sensors

integrated with taste receptor proteins or mimicking structures closely replicate human taste perception. The application of

these human-inspired sensors in user-interactive interfaces, such as haptic-feedback rings for virtual reality, sound-driven

robotics, and robotic taste-sensing systems, demonstrates their potential to revolutionize various fi elds. By understanding and

mimicking biological sensory mechanisms, the development of artifi cial sensory electronics will continue to drive innovation

in fl exible sensory electronics and enhance user experiences through multimodal sensory integration.

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