Overall

Conflict of Interest: In relation to this article, we declare that there is no conflict of interest.

Publication history: Received April 23, 2024
Revised June 20, 2024
Accepted July 13, 2024
Available online January 1, 1970

This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Most Cited

Wearable Sensors for Motion and Electrophysiological Signal Tracking in XR

Yuze Qiu¹ Xinxin He iyuan Li Zhengchun Peng² Ya Huang^† Xinge Yu^†

Department of Biomedical Engineering , City University of Hong Kong ¹CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation , University of Science and Technology of China ²School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering , Shenzhen University

yhuan23@cityu.edu.hk, xingeyu@cityu.edu.hk

Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, July 2025, 42(9), 1951-1976(26)
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-024-00227-w

Abstract

Extended-reality (XR) technology is transforming digital interaction by blending virtual elements with the physical world

via portable devices. Accurate body movement recognition and electrophysiological monitoring are crucial for immersive

XR experiences. However, the bulky and complex design of current devices limits their adoption. Innovations in material

science have led to the development of fl exible wearable sensors that address these issues with their soft or even stretchable

features, which allow the materials to conformal mount the skin and minimize motion interference, thus enhancing movement

detection. This review paper discusses the signifi cance of motion recognition and related electrophysiological signal

monitoring for XR systems and highlights the benefi ts of fl exible wearable sensors. We showcase the latest progress in

these sensors and their prospective utility in capturing user movement and transmitting electrophysiological signals in XR,

thereby enabling personalized experiences. Furthermore, we examine the current limitations, the primary challenges, and

the prospective future developments of these novel fl exible wearable sensors.

Keywords

Extended reality (XR) · Wearable sensors · Motion tracking · Electrophysiological signal monitoring · Skin electronics