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In relation to this article, we declare that there is no conflict of interest.
Publication history
Received June 1, 2026
Accepted July 7, 2026
Available online November 25, 2026
articles This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Effect of Radical Scavenging Extender on the Chemical Stability of Anion Exchange Membrane Under Alkaline Conditions

Division of Chemical, Biomolecular and Energy Engineering, Konkuk University 1Water Energy Research Center, K-water Research Institute, Korea Water Resources Corporation 2Hydrogen Energy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology
ljyljy78@konkuk.ac.kr
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, November 2026, 43(13), 3573-3587(15)
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-026-00786-0

Abstract

A radical-scavenging extender is investigated as a novel strategy for improving the chemical stability of anion exchange 

membranes (AEMs). Unlike typical alkyl chain extenders used in AEMs, the bulky piperidine derivative 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl

(TEMPO), which possesses a redox-active core structure, improved the chemical stability of AEMs by 

serving as both a radical scavenger and a chain extender. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as hydroxyl and superoxide 

radicals (∙OH and ∙O2

–

), which contribute to AEM degradation, were efficiently scavenged through the reversible TEMPO/

TEMPO+

 redox cycle. Simultaneously, the bulky TEMPO moiety also increased steric hindrance around the quaternary 

ammonium groups, thereby suppressing hydroxide-induced SN2 degradation by hindering nucleophilic attack of hydroxide 

ions on the α-carbon adjacent to the ammonium group. As a result, the QPPO-35-TEMPO membrane exhibited much 

greater chemical stability than QPPO-25-TMA, QPPO-30-DMHA, and QPPO-35-DATMP, confirming the effectiveness 

of the radical-scavenging-extender concept. QPPO-35-TEMPO retained its ionic conductivity after 500 h in 1 M KOH 

at 80 °C and achieved a current density of 3.69 A cm–2 at 2.0 V in alkaline water electrolysis and a peak power density 

of 0.49 W cm–2 in fuel cells. When applied as an anode ionomer, QPPO-35-TEMPO further improved the electrode performance.

This work establishes the radical-scavenging-extender concept as a promising molecular design strategy for 

developing chemically durable and high-performance AEMs for alkaline electrochemical energy technologies.

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