Clean energy alternatives are essential for mitigating the eff ects of climate change and global warming. Renewable hydrogen

(H 2 ) is a promising substitute for fossil fuels, off ering zero CO 2 emissions. However, its low volumetric energy density poses

a signifi cant challenge for effi cient storage and transportation. The strategic integration of H 2 storage with decarbonization

initiatives has emerged as a viable solution to combat global warming. This review explores the potential sources of renewable

H 2 production, storage methods, and applications in the context of decarbonization. Among various approaches, renewable

liquid production via catalytic CO 2 hydrogenation—specifi cally through the reverse water–gas shift (RWGS) reaction, Fischer–

Tropsch synthesis (FTS), and methanol synthesis—stands out as one of the most promising pathways. These processes

facilitate the storage and transport of renewable H 2 while enabling large-scale industrial applications. The conversion of CO 2

and renewable H 2 into methanol and hydrocarbons not only enhances energy storage effi ciency, but also off ers signifi cant

environmental benefi ts, contributing to the development of sustainable energy systems. Additionally, this review addresses

current technological and economic challenges associated with renewable H 2 and its storage while proposing future research

directions. By providing insights into technological feasibility, practical applications, and research perspectives, this review

aims to support advancements in decarbonization eff orts through renewable hydrogen.