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- In relation to this article, we declare that there is no conflict of interest.
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Received August 3, 2024
Accepted February 1, 2025
Available online April 25, 2025
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This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync/3.0) which permits
unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Template-Based Fabrication of Copper Oxide for Persulfate Activation: Investigating Non-radical Mechanisms in Effi cient Bisphenol a Degradation
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-025-00413-4
Abstract
Currently, advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are an effi cient method for the degradation of recalcitrant organic pollutants.
In this work, copper oxide (CuO) catalysts were synthesized using mesoporous silica (SiO 2 ) as a template for the activation
of peroxomonosulfate (PMS) for the removal of the target pollutant bisphenol A (BPA). The results showed that the CuO
catalysts not only increased the specifi c surface area and active sites, but also enhanced the effi cient activation of PMS to
produce a large amount of reactive oxygen species. In this paper, the degradation process and mechanism of BPA by CuO in
PMS activation system were comparatively investigated by characterization data and experimental data. Under the optimum
conditions, the degradation rate of BPA (30 mg/L) was as high as 97.8%, which was basically completely degraded. The
CuO/PMS catalytic system involves both radical and non-radical pathways, with the non-radical 1 O 2 being the main reactive
oxygen species for the degradation of BPA. The reaction intermediates were identifi ed by liquid chromatography–mass
spectrometry (LC–MS), and the degradation mechanism and the degradation pathway of the catalyst were proposed. It was
shown by cycling experiments that the degradation rate of BPA in the system reached more than 65% at 60 min when the
catalyst CuO was reused for the fi fth time. This indicates that CuO has good stability. This study provides strong evidence
that 1 O 2 is the main active agent for degradation in the PMS-induced inhomogeneous catalytic oxidation system.
