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Received October 17, 2002
Accepted January 20, 2003
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Formation of Fine Particles from Residual Oil Combustion: Reducing Nuclei through the Addition of Inorganic Sorbent
William P. Linak
C. Andrew Miller
Dawn A. Santoianni1
Charles J. King1
Takuya Shinagawa2
Jost O. L. Wendt3
Jong-Ik Yoo4
Yong-Chil Seo4†
National Risk Management Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA 1ARCADIS Geraghty & Miller, Inc., Durham, NC 27709, USA 2Engineering Research Center, NKK Corp., Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-0855, Japan 3Dept. of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA 4Dept. of Environmental Engineering, YIEST, Yonsei Univ, Wonju 220-710, Korea
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, July 2003, 20(4), 664-669(6), 10.1007/BF02706905
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Abstract
The potential use of sorbents to manage emissions of ultrafine metal nuclei from residual oil combustion was investigated by using an 82-kW-rated laboratory-scale refractory-lined combustor. Without sorbent addition, baseline measurements of the fly ash particle size distribution (PSD) and chemical composition indicate that most of the metals contained in the residual oil form ultrafine particles (~0.1 μm diameter). These results are consistent with particle formation via mechanisms of ash vaporization and subsequent particle nucleation and growth. Equilibrium calculations predict metal vaporization at flame temperatures and were used to define regions above the dew point for the major metal constituents (iron [Fe], nickel [Ni], vanadium [V], and zinc [Zn]) where vapor-phase metal and solid-phase sorbents could interact. The addition of dispersed kaolinite powder resulted in an approximate 35% reduction in the ultrafine nuclei as determined by changes to the PSDs as well as the size-dependent chemical composition.
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Gelbard F, Seinfeld JH, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 78, 485 (1980)
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Linak WP, Srivastava RK, Wendt JOL, Combust. Flame, 100, 214 (1995)
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Miller CA, Linak WP, King C, Wendt JOL, Combust. Sci. Technol., 134(1-6), 477 (1998)
Scotto MV, Peterson TW, Wendt JOL, "Hazardous Waste Incineration: The In-Situ Capture of Lead by Sorbents in a Laboratory Down-Flow Combustor," Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, 24, 1109 (1992)
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