Rice straw is one of the main renewable energy sources in Korea. Bio-oil is produced from rice straw with a bench-scale equipment mainly with a fluidized bed, a char removal system and zeolite catalyst. It was investigated how the zeolite catalyst affected the production of bio-oil and chemical composition of bio-oil. Compared with non catalytic pyrolysis, the catalytic pyrolysis increased the amount of gas and char but decreased the amount of oil. The water content in bio-oil increased due to deoxygenation. The aromatic compound and heating value was increased when catalytic pyrolysis was applied.