Issue
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering,
Vol.20, No.6, 1017-1022, 2003
Probability of Chain Growth in Coke Formation on Metals and on Supports during Catalytic Reforming over Pt, Pt-Sn and Pt-Sn-K Catalysts Mixed Physically with Al2O3
The main goal of this contribution was to study the probability of chain growth of coke on metal sites and on support sites for hexane dehydrogenation. The coke structure of the catalysts examined by IR was found to have the aromatic structure. Soxhlet extraction coupled with GC-14B (DB1 column) analysis was mainly employed for coke composition analysis and determination of the probability of chain growth (alpha value). It was found that the soluble coke was mainly composed of C8-C12 on both sites. Interestingly, the probabilities of chain growth on both sites were identical. However, the extracted coke on the metal site was more easily removable and had lower carbon numbers than that on the support site. Moreover, the addition of promoter, especially of K promoter, was sensitive to inhibit the probability of chain growth, resulting in the reduction of the amount of coke.
[References]
  1. Barbier J, Catal. Deactivation, 1, 1987
  2. Biswas J, Bickle GM, Gray PG, Catal. Rev.-Sci. Eng., 30, 161, 1988
  3. Biswas J. Gray PG, Do DD, Appl. Catal., 32, 249, 1987
  4. Bond GC, "Heterogeneous Catalysis: Principles and Application," Clarendon Press: Oxford, 1987
  5. Figoli NS, Beltramini JN, Martinelli EE, Dad MR, Parera JM, Appl. Catal., 5, 19, 1983
  6. Flory PJ, "Principle of Polymer Chemistry," Cornell University Press, New York, 317, 1953
  7. Forzatti P, Lietti L, Catal. Today, 52(2-3), 165, 1999
  8. Froment GF, Catal. Deactivation, 53, 1997
  9. Froment GF, Catal. Deactivation, 53, 1991
  10. Van der Laan GP, Beenackers AACM, Catal. Rev.-Sci. Eng., 41(3-4), 255, 1999
  11. Hamada H, Catal. Surveys Jpn., 1, 53, 1997
  12. Inaba M, Kintaichi Y, Hamada H, Catal. Lett., 36(3-4), 223, 1996
  13. Lamy-Pitara E, Ouazzani-Benhima H, Barbier J, Cahoreau M, Caisso J, Appl. Catal. A: Gen., 81, 47, 1992
  14. Lietz G, Volter J, Dobrovolszky M, Paal Z, Appl. Catal., 13, 77, 1984
  15. Lox ES, Froment GF, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 32, 71, 1993
  16. Pieck CL, Verderone RJ, Jablonski EL, Parera JM, Appl. Catal., 55, 1, 1989
  17. Radwan AM, Kyotani T, Tomita A, Appl. Catal. A: Gen., 192(1), 43, 2000
  18. Reyniers GC, Froment GF, Kopinke FD, Zimmermann G, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 33(11), 2584, 1994
  19. Rostrup-Nielsen JR, "Catalytic Steam Reforming," Berlin: Buchbinderei Bruno Helm, 1984
  20. Rostrupnielsen JR, Catal. Today, 37(3), 225, 1997
  21. Srihiranpullop S, Praserthdam P, Mongkhonsi T, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 17(5), 548, 2000
  22. Sunee S, Piyasan P, Tharathon M, React. Kinet. Catal. Lett., 72, 125, 2001
  23. Trimm DL, Appl. Catal., 5, 263, 1983
  24. Trimm DL, Catal. Today, 37(3), 233, 1997
  25. VanTrimpont PA, Marin GB, Froment GF, Appl. Catal., 24, 53, 1986
  26. Vertes C, Talas E, Czako-Nagy I, Ryczkowski J, Gobolos S, Vetes A, Margitfalvi J, Appl. Catal., 68, 149, 1991