Metal-organic framework Mg-MOF: (Mg3(bdc)3(H2O)2) was synthesized via microwave (MW) irradiation, then used in the microwave-assisted production of biodiesel from oleic acid. Microwave irradiation was used as an alternative ecofriendly route to conventional heating. The synthesized Mg-MOF sample was characterized by XRD, TGA, FT-IR, nitrogen adsorption/desorption and TEM techniques. The catalytic activity of Mg-MOF in the microwave- assisted production of Biodiesel from oleic acid and methanol was studied. Vacancies created upon removal of linkers, metal clusters composed MOF frameworks, small pore size and its surface area are responsible for the high catalytic activity of the prepared Mg-MOF. The results indicated that Mg-MOF catalyst showed high conversion percentage (97%) that followed pseudo-first order, under mild reaction conditions (MW power: 150watts, reaction time: 8min, molar ratio of oleic acid to methanol: 1 : 15 and catalyst amount 0.15 wt%).