Coordination polymers (CPs) are a unique class of polymers characterized by a molecular structure consisting of repeating metal centers linked by organic ligands in an infinite array connected through coordination bonding. In the last two decades, research interest in CPs, such as metal organic frameworks (MOFs), has grown rapidly owing to their exclusive advantageous properties (e.g., exceptionally high surface area, chemical and thermal stability, molecular functionality, porosity, electron mobility, thermal conductivity, and mechanical strength). In this study, we started with a basic question: Why and how are coordination polymers special and how do they differ from other classes of polymers? Next, we explored the value of unique and innovative CPs in line with the advent of design and synthesis approaches. We focused on the current trends and challenges of CPs/MOFs for application in the control and management of air quality. The intent of this review is to motivate development of CPs/MOFs that can be ultimately applied towards more efficient and effective technology as remediating and managing of the air quality. Ultimately, this review will help us open a new paradigm to pursue the future progress in polymers and materials science that targets specific applications in environmental engineering.