Food allergies are global trending issues in the food industry. Peanut allergy is an especially serious problem with emerging allergen symptoms because peanuts are utilized worldwide as a processing food source. Arachis hypogaea 1 (Ara h1) is a main seed storage protein from peanut materials that derives allergic medical symptoms. In this study, a single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT)-based biosensor was developed to detect Ara h1. The developed biosensor utilizes an Ara h1 antibody as a receptor for the target material, SWCNTs as a signal transfer, and 1- pyrenebutanoic acid succinimidyl ester (1-PBSE) as a linker between the SWCNTs and the receptors. SWCNTs dramatically transferred the biological reaction between the antibody and the antigen into measurable signals of electrical responses. The sensor capacity of the developed SWCNT-based biosensor, including the limit of detection (LOD, 1 ng/ mL), the detection range (1-1,000 ng/mL), and the washing amounts (three times), was confirmed.