Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol.31, No.6, 972-980, 2014
Comparative catalytic activity of supported ZnBr2-containing ionic liquid catalysts for preparation of glycerol carbonate by glycerolysis of urea
The synthesis of glycerol carbonate by glycerolysis of urea was investigated under mild conditions, using immobilized metal-containing ionic liquid catalysts. Three different catalysts were prepared, with the following supports: (1) polystyrene (PS), (2) commercial silica (CS), and (3) chitosan (CH). The glycerolysis of urea was considered to include two main reactions: carbamoylation of glycerol and carbonylation of glycerol carbamate. The approximate rate constant for PS-(Im)2ZnBr2 was higher than those of CH-(Im)2ZnBr2 and CS-(Im)2ZnBr2 probably due to its wellbalanced acid-base properties. The activation energies for PS-, CH-, and CS-(Im)2ZnBr2 were 142.9, 163.0, and 166.7 kJ mol^(-1), respectively. PS-(Im)2ZnBr2 exhibited better reuse properties than CH-(Im)2ZnBr2 and CS-(Im)2ZnBr2 catalysts.
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