Issue
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering,
Vol.30, No.2, 369-378, 2013
Batch and continuous (fixed-bed column) biosorption of Cu(II) by Tamarindus indica fruit shell
The feasibility of employing Tamarindus indica (tamarind) fruit shell (TFS) as low-cost biosorbent for removal of Cu(II) from aqueous solutions was investigated. Batch experiments were carried out as function of initial solution pH (2-7), contact time (10-240 min), initial Cu(II) concentration (20-100 mg L^(-1)), biosorbent dose (0.5-5 g) and temperature (293-313 K). Biosorption equilibrium data were well described by the Langmuir isotherm model with maximum biosorption capacity of 80.01 mg g^(-1) at 313 K. Biosorption of Cu(II) followed pseudo-second-order kinetics. Gibbs free energy (ΔG°) was spontaneous for all interactions, and the biosorption process exhibited endothermic enthalpy values. To ascertain the practical applicability of the biosorbent, fixed-bed column studies were also performed. The breakthrough time increased with increasing bed height and decreased with increasing flow rate. The Thomas model as well as the Bed Depth Service Time (BDST) model was fitted to the dynamic flow experimental data to determine the column kinetic parameters useful for designing large-scale column studies. The Thomas model showed good agreement with the experimental results at all the process parameters studied. It could be concluded that TFS may be used as an inexpensive and effective biosorbent without any treatment or any other modification for the removal of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solutions.
[References]
  1. Sud D, Mahajan G, Kaur MP, Bioresour. Technol., 99(14), 6017, 2008
  2. Farooq U, Kozinski JA, Khan MA, Athar M, Bioresour. Technol., 101(14), 5043, 2010
  3. Zhu CS, Wang LP, Chen WB, J. Hazard. Mater., 168(2-3), 739, 2009
  4. Anirudhan TS, Radhakrishnan PG, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 40(4), 702, 2008
  5. Ozer A, Ozer D, Ozer A, Process Biochem., 39, 2183, 2004
  6. Ajmal M, Khan AH, Ahmad S, Ahmad A, Water Res., 32, 3085, 1998
  7. Yao ZY, Qi JH, Wang LH, J. Hazard. Mater., 174(1-3), 137, 2010
  8. Jaman H, Chakraborty D, Saha P, Clean Soil Air Water., 37, 704, 2009
  9. Chowdhury S, Saha PD, Colloids Surf. B., 88, 697, 2011
  10. Demirbas A, J. Hazard. Mater., 157(2-3), 220, 2008
  11. Saha P, Water Air Soil Pollut., 213, 287, 2010
  12. Saha P, Chowdhury S, Gupta S, Kumar I, Kumar R, Clean Soil Air Water., 38, 437, 2010
  13. Singh D, Wangchu L, Moond SK, Nat. Prod. Rad., 6, 315, 2007
  14. Chowdhury S, Mishra R, Kushwaha P, Das P, Biorem. J., 15, 77, 2011
  15. Chowdhury S, Saha P, Chem. Eng. J., 164(1), 168, 2010
  16. Chowdhury S, Chakraborty S, Saha P, Colloids Surf. B., 84, 520, 2011
  17. Chakraborty S, Chowdhury S, Saha PD, Carbohydr. Polym., 86, 1533, 2011
  18. Saha P, Chowdhury S, Gupta S, Kumar I, Chem. Eng. J., 165(3), 874, 2010
  19. Chowdhury S, Mishra R, Saha P, Kushwaha P, Desalination, 265(1-3), 159, 2011
  20. Hasan SH, Ranjan D, Talat M, J. Hazard. Mater., 181(1-3), 1134, 2010
  21. Uddin MT, Rukanuzzaman M, Khan MMR, Islam MA, J. Environ. Manage., 90, 3443, 2009
  22. Han RP, Ding DD, Xu YF, Zou WH, Wang YF, Li YF, Zou L, Bioresour. Technol., 99(8), 2938, 2008
  23. Ozsoy HD, Kumbur H, J. Hazard. Mater., 136(3), 911, 2006
  24. Chowdhury S, Das P, Sep. Sci. Technol., 46(12), 1966, 2011
  25. Chen H, Dai GL, Zhao J, Zhong AG, Wu JY, Yan H, J. Hazard. Mater., 177(1-3), 228, 2010
  26. Kilic M, Yazici H, Solak M, Bioresour. Technol., 100(7), 2130, 2009
  27. Vaghetti JCP, Lima EC, Royer B, da Cunha BM, Cardoso NF, Brasil JL, Dias SLP, J. Hazard. Mater., 162(1), 270, 2009
  28. Amarasinghe BMWPK, Williams RA, Chem. Eng. J., 132(1-3), 299, 2007
  29. Aydin H, Bulut Y, Yerlikaya C, J. Environ. Manage., 87, 37, 2008
  30. Shukla SR, Pai RS, Sep. Purif. Technol., 43(1), 1, 2005
  31. Demirbas E, Dizge N, Sulak MT, Kobya M, Chem. Eng. J., 148(2-3), 480, 2009
  32. Iftikhar AR, Bhatti HN, Hanif MA, Nadeem R, J. Hazard. Mater., 161(2-3), 941, 2009
  33. Dahiya S, Tripathi RM, Hegde AG, J. Hazard. Mater., 150, 376, 2008
  34. Gupta VK, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 37(1), 192, 1998
  35. Hong S, Wen C, He J, Gan FX, Ho YS, J. Hazard. Mater., 167(1-3), 630, 2009
  36. Ofomaja AE, J. Environ. Manage., 91, 1491, 2010
  37. Ahmad AA, Hameed BH, J. Hazard. Mater., 175(1-3), 298, 2010
  38. Vinodhini V, Das N, Desalination, 264(1-2), 9, 2010
  39. Oguz E, Ersoy M, Chem. Eng. J., 164(1), 56, 2010
  40. Saha PD, Chowdhury S, Mondal M, Sinha K, Sep. Sci. Technol., 47, 112, 2011
  41. Al-Ghouti MA, Khraisheh MAM, Ahmad MN, Allen SJ, J. Hazard. Mater., 146(1-2), 316, 2007
  42. Quek SY, Al-Duri B, Chem. Eng. Process., 46(5), 477, 2007