Search / Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering
Korean Chemical Engineering Research,
Vol.46, No.4, 813-818, 2008
고체산화물 연료전지용 Ni/YSZ 음극 촉매에서의 메탄 내부개질 반응 시 탄소 침적 억제를 위한 첨가제 영향
Promoter Effect on Ni/YSZ Anode Catalyst of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell for Suppressing Coke Formation in the Methane Internal Reforming
고체 산화물 연료전지(SOFC)에서 Ni/YSZ 음극 촉매를 이용한 내부 개질 반응 시 코크 형성에 의한 촉매 비활성화 문제점을 개선하기 위해 음극에 여러가지 조촉매(Ce, Co, Cu, Cr, Mn, Pd, K, K2Ti2O5)들을 첨가하여 그 영향을 조사하였다. H2O/CH4=1.5 몰비, 800의 반응 조건하에서 수증기 개질 반응을 행한 결과 전이금속산화물들은 코크형성을 억제하는 효과가 없었고 메탄전환율도 오히려 감소하였다. Potassium을 담지한 Ni/YSZ의 경우는 초기에는 뚜렷한 코크형성 억제 효과가 있었으나 반응 후 42시간이 지나면 휘발에 의한 Potassium함량 감소로 급격한 촉매활성의 저하가 일어났다. 격자 구조에 Potassium이 내장된 K2Ti2O5를 5% 혼합한 Ni/YSZ의 경우에는 장기간 운전에도 반응 활성이 줄어들지 않아서 음극 촉매의 코크 억제용 첨가제로 적용될 수 있음을 알았다. 반응시간에 따른 촉매의 비활성화는 촉매 표면에서의 graphidic carbon의 생성 때문으로 밝혀졌다.
Various additives were added in small amounts on Ni/YSZ anode of SOFC (solid oxide fuel cell) in order to improve reactivity and to inhibit deactivation due to coke deposition during methane reforming using a low mole ratio steam (H2O/CH4=1.5) at 800 ℃. Ni/YSZ catalysts added with various perovskites did not show any improvement but exhibited a gradual decrease in the methane conversion. K-doped Ni/YSZ showed a steady increase and maintenance of the conversion up to 42 hours, after which there was an abrupt deactivation of catalyst owing to potassium loss by volatilization. Addition of 5% of K2Ti2O5 on Ni/YSZ showed a stable maintenance of the conversion without K loss, and was able to prevent coke formation during a long time operation. Deactivation of catalyst during the reaction was mainly caused by the accumulation of graphidic carbon on the catalyst surface.
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