The influence of phosphorous precursors, NH4H2PO4, (NH4)2HPO4, H3PO4, (C2H5)3PO4, and P2O5, on the catalytic performance of the BiFe0.65MoP0.1 catalysts in the oxidative dehydrogenation of 1-butene to 1,3-butadiene was studied. The catalysts were characterized by XRD, N2-sorption, ICP, SEM and TPRO analyses. It was not observed big difference on the physical properties of catalysts in accordance with used different phosphorous precursors, however, the catalytic performance was largely depended on the nature of the phosphorous precursors. Of various precursors, the BiFe0.65MoP0.1 oxide catalyst, which was prepared from a phosphoric acid precursor, showed the best catalytic performance. Conversion and yield to butadiene of the catalyst showed 79.5% and 67.7%, respectively, after 14 h on stream. The cation of phosphorous precursors was speculated to affect the lattice structure of the catalysts during catalyst preparation and this difference was influenced on the re-oxidation ability of the catalysts. Based on the results of TPRO, it was proposed that the catalytic performance could be correlated with re-oxidation ability of the catalysts.